Toy Story 3 (2008) – Lost Projects

In January 2004, then-Pixar CEO Steve Jobs announced that the Walt Disney Company would not renew its distribution deal with Pixar Animation. At the time, Pixar was quickly earning its status as one of the world’s leading animation studios, responsible for a string of box-office hits, including Toy Story (1995), Monsters, Inc. (2001) and Finding Nemo (2003). Anticipating the split, then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner downplayed the fallout and Pixar’s discontent with the terms of their deal, arguing Disney could continue producing sequels to Pixar’s films without their involvement, since Disney retained the rights to Pixar’s characters and franchises under their original contract. To that end, Eisner launched a new animation studio in Glendale, California, dubbed Circle 7 Animation, named after Circle 7 Drive, where the studio was located, solely established to develop sequels to Pixar’s films without any input from their creative team, most of which were intended to be budget-friendly, direct-to-DVD releases.

Among Circle 7’s first projects were early drafts for Monsters, Inc. 2, Finding Nemo 2 and, of course, Toy Story 3. During this time, several ideas for a third Toy Story instalment were considered, including a whodunnit-style mystery in which Woody and the gang investigate a string of missing toys in Andy’s grandmother’s attic, and another where Andy’s mother remarries, leading to the toys becoming lost in Mexico, encountering knock-off versions of themselves, such as El Buzz and Mr. Papaya Head. Eventually, however, a screenplay by Jim Herzfeld was selected, with screenwriters Bob Hilgenberg and Rob Muir revising both the dialogue and the narrative as many concept artists, including Ric Sluiter, Jim Martin and Shane Zalvin, began developing the project’s visuals through a variety of sketches and art pieces.

In this rendition of Toy Story 3, Buzz Lightyear begins to malfunction, prompting Andy’s mother to send him back to the factory in Taipei, Taiwan, where he was manufactured, unaware that a global recall has been issued to destroy, rather than repair, all defective Buzz Lightyear units. Upon learning this, Woody, Jessie, Rex, and the rest of the gang embark on an international rescue mission, facing a series of chaotic and comedic set pieces, such as a tense encounter at a daycare centre inside the towering Taipei 101 skyscraper. Meanwhile, at the factory, Buzz narrowly escapes destruction by a machine known as “The Smasher” and teams up with a duo of faulty, recalled toys known as Cindy Scissors, a superheroine with bladed legs, and Rosey, a defective bed warmer doll, to deliver a letter to the company’s elusive founder, Mr. Kagoy. However, their journey is complicated by the arrival of Daxx Blastar, a flashy new Star Command toy intended to replace Buzz, who narcissistically confronts them. As all hope seems lost, Woody and the gang arrive to help expose the corrupt board members’ scheme to destroy all the Buzz Lightyear units, as Mr. Kagoy, who is secretly aware that all toys are alive, rescinds the recall order and promises to repair all the defective units and return them to their owners. As the gang prepare to head home, Daxx makes one last attempt to stop them, but is humorously thwarted and subsequently shipped off to Sid’s house, thanks to Jessie and the gang. The story concludes with a cheerful montage of Woody, Buzz and the rest of the toys returning home to Andy, whilst the previously recalled toys, Cindy and Rosey, find new owners.

This proposed continuation of the Toy Story franchise would have been a mixed bag to say the least, expanding on the beloved world of sentient toys in bold and imaginative ways while regressing in others. For example, taking the characters out of the American suburbs to explore another country would have allowed Woody and the gang to venture through a rich tapestry of tropical forests and vibrant cities across Taiwan, setting itself apart from any locations we have seen in the franchise previously. Moreover, Buzz’s underlying character arc, from inevitable destruction to rediscovery, mirrors the existential themes of earlier instalments, while new characters, such as Cindy and Rosey, offer fresh perspectives on value, identity and rejection. Conversely, the narrative frequently exhibits signs of overreach, juggling multiple subplots, a sprawling cast of characters and locations, and a corporate conspiracy angle that risks overshadowing the story’s emotional core. Additionally, Daxx Blastar, the central antagonist of the film, is largely underdeveloped and almost cartoonishly evil when compared to the antagonists of previous entries, making the factory’s climactic showdown feel rather lacklustre. What’s more, some narrative turns, like Mr. Kagoy’s sudden awareness of the toys’ sentience, feel overly convenient and lack sufficient setup for what is supposed to be a grand reveal.

In my opinion, however, the biggest problem with this iteration of Toy Story 3 is that it shares far too many similarities with the franchise’s prior entry, Toy Story 2 (1999), with the gang setting off on a journey to recover one of their members (who has been taken by humans for one reason or another and is unlikely to return), while having a toy antagonist to contend with. As a result, this rendition of Toy Story 3 also lacks the emotional and satisfying conclusion of the actual third instalment, revisiting familiar territory and suggesting a new cycle of conflict, leaving the door open for further sequels and coming adventures for Woody, Buzz, Jessie and the rest of the gang, which simply isn’t fitting for a third instalment of an iconic series.

In summary, Circle 7 Animation was ultimately a strategic backup plan, an animation studio created by Disney to protect and extend its ownership of Pixar properties during a time of uncertainty. But, in January 2006, after Bob Iger succeeded Michael Eisner as CEO, Disney changed course. Iger opted to purchase Pixar outright for approximately £6.07 billion ($7.4 billion), bringing the studio’s creative and commercial power fully under Disney’s corporate umbrella. As part of the acquisition, Circle 7 Animation was shut down, with all of its in-development projects cancelled. Pixar’s own version of Toy Story 3, released in 2010, took a different creative direction and became a critically acclaimed and award-winning triumph. Today, the Circle 7 rendition of the film only exists in remnants, each a glimpse into a parallel timeline that never came to be, a fascinating ‘what if’ in animation history. With tighter writing and deeper character development, it might have stood as a worthy continuation of one of Disney and Pixar’s most beloved franchises. Personally, though, I feel the rendition of Toy Story 3 we eventually received is a near-perfect series finale (before the unnecessary sequels materialised), so I’m not too disheartened we never saw this iteration of the toys’ third outing.

Outstanding Original Scores in Cinema – Film List

I’ve always considered original scores to be a very underappreciated element of filmmaking, as many audience members rarely seem to take notice of the beautiful and indelible soundtracks that saturate many scenes throughout cinematic history. These scores serve an important purpose in audibly immersing the audience in a narrative via dramatic, unnerving or sorrowful tracks that evoke deep emotion inside them (even if they aren’t aware of it), greatly enhancing the cinematic experience. Here are some of my personal favourites…

Dune (2021) – Composer, Hanz Zimmer

Favourite Tracks: Herald of the Change, Ripples in the Sand

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Drive (2011) Composer, Cliff Martinez

Favourite Tracks: I Drive, Bride of Deluxe 

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Jaws (1975) Composer, John Williams

Favourite Tracks: Main Title and First Victim, End Titles

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Dunkirk (2016) – Composer, Hanz Zimmer

Favourite Tracks: The Mole, Supermarine

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WALL-E (2008) – Composer, Thomas Newman

Favourite Tracks: 72 Degrees and Sunny, Define Dancing

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Arrival (2016) – Composer, Jóhann Jóhannsson

Favourite Tracks: ArrivalKangaru

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Halloween (1978) – Composer, John Carpenter

Favourite Tracks: Halloween Theme – Main TitleMyer’s House

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Ratatouille (2007) – Composer, Michael Giacchino

Favourite Tracks: Ratatouille Main ThemeEnd Creditouilles

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Jurassic Park (1993) – Composer, John Williams

Favourite Tracks: Welcome to Jurassic Park, Journey to the Island

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The Neon Demon (2016) – Composer, Cliff Martinez

Favourite Tracks: The Neon Demon, Something’s in My Room

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A Ghost Story (2017) – Composer, Daniel Hart

Favourite Tracks: The Secret in the Wall, Safe Safe Safe

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Vertigo (1958) – Composer, Bernard Herrmann

Favourite Tracks: Prelude and Rooftop, Carlotta’s Portrait

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The Shape of Water (2017) – Composer, Alexandre Desplat

Favourite Tracks: The Shape of Water, Elisa’s Theme

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Nocturnal Animals (2016) – Composer, Abel Korzeniowski

Favourite Tracks: Revenge, City Lights

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Edward Scissorhands (1990) – Composer, Danny Elfman

Favourite Tracks: StorytimeIce Dance

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The Social Network (2010) – Composers, Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross

Favourite Tracks: In MotionPainted Sun in Abstract

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Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018) – Composer, Daniel Pemberton

Favourite Tracks: Gimme the GooberSpider-Man Loves You

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Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (2001) – Composer, John Williams

Favourite Tracks: Hedwig’s Theme, Diagon Alley and the Gringotts Vault

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The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) – Composer, Alexandre Desplat

Favourite Tracks: Mr. Moustafa, Daylight Express to Lutz

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The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966) – Composer, Ennio Morricone

Favourite Tracks: The Good, the Bad and the UglyThe Ecstasy of Gold

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Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009) – Composer, Alexandre Desplat

Favourite Tracks: Mr. Fox in the Fields, Jimmy Squirrel and Co.

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Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope (1977) – Composer, John Williams

Favourite Tracks: Main TitleThe Princess Appears

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Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse (2023) – Composer, Daniel Pemberton

Favourite Tracks: Spider-Woman (Gwen Stacy), Canon Event

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Blade Runner 2049 (2017) – Composers, Hans Zimmer and Benjamin Wallfisch

Favourite Tracks: Tears in the RainBlade Runner

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Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004) – Composer, Jon Brion

Favourite Tracks: Theme From Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, Bookstore

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Iron Man (2008) – Film Review

Before ‘The Avengers’ or the ‘Guardians of the Galaxy’ hit the silver screen, director Jon Favreau began the Marvel Cinematic Universe with its first character; ‘Iron Man.’ Blowing audiences away with some incredible visual effects, thrilling action scenes and a very charismatic lead performance by Robert Downey Jr. as the egotistical; ‘Tony Stark.’ And, considering the film was self-financed by Marvel and had a mostly improvised screenplay, it’s incredibly impressive that ‘Iron Man’ is as entertaining and as exhilarating as it is by today’s standards.

Plot Summary: After being held captive by terrorists in an Afghan cave for months, billionaire and weapons engineer: ‘Tony Stark’ builds a weaponised suit of armour to fight his way out after discovering his weapons are being used for a more sinister purpose. Yet even after safely returning home, ‘Tony’ soon uncovers a nefarious plot with global implications, forcing him to don his new suit once again and vow to protect the world as ‘Iron Man.’

Although most now know ‘Iron Man’ as a superhero icon, at the time in 2008, ‘Tony Stark’ was a relatively unknown character. Similar to ‘Thor’ and ‘Captain America,’ many of Marvel’s ‘B’ listers truly owe their now enormous fan-bases and iconic statuses mostly to their first appearances in Marvel’s live-action universe, with the first ‘Iron Man,’ in particular, adapting the character’s comic book origins fairly closely into a hugely successful action blockbuster.

The supporting cast of Gwyneth Paltrow, Jeff Bridges, Terrence Howard, Clark Gregg and Shaun Toub are great throughout the film, despite only serving small roles within the story. However, it should go without saying that Robert Downey Jr. as ‘Iron Man’ himself absolutely nails the role, as he delivers every line of dialogue as an arrogant, pretentious genius. ‘Tony Stark’ even gives the narrative an engaging thread with his character arc throughout the film, becoming more likeable as the plot continues on, and although done many times before, it still feels pretty satisfying by the end of the runtime. Unfortunately, the biggest problem with Iron Man’ is the same issue that most Marvel flicks suffer from, this being the film’s weak antagonist. Although Jeff Bridges attempts to give his character; ‘Obadiah Stane,’ as much depth as possible, his transformation from a greedy executive to murderous psychopath feels extremely rushed and undeveloped.

Matthew Libatique’s cinematography is fairly creative throughout the film, however, from the various tracking shots of ‘Tony’ soaring through the sky in his suit, through to shots of ‘Iron Man’ taking down groups of terrorists, the majority of the cinematography backs up the quick pacing and utilises movement very effectively. Whilst the film isn’t ever overly focused on its science fiction elements aside from the suit itself, the CG effects throughout the film still hold up very well to say that was it was released in 2008, aside from the occasional shot of ‘Tony Stark’s head being placed atop of the suit.

The original score by Ramin Djawadi is a soundtrack which perfectly fits, alongside the character of ‘Iron Man,’ as the score makes excellent use of electric guitars and a drum kit to match ‘Tony’s young rock-star-like personality and taste in music, as there are multiple scenes of ‘Tony Stark’ listening to rock songs, such as ‘Back in Black’ and ‘Institutionalised,’ throughout the runtime. Not to mention ‘Black Sabbath’s now-iconic; ‘Iron Man,’ played over the end credits.

Even though all of the action scenes throughout the film are quite short, each action set piece is always exciting from start-to-finish, as ‘Iron Man’ takes down his enemies with style every time, utilising an array of different weapons and gadgets the film manages to still represent ‘Tony Stark’s cocky personality through these suited-up action sequences. ‘Iron Man’ was also the first film that kicked off Marvel’s typical style of humour, and while not as noticeable as some of Marvel’s other films, the film still contains plenty of scenes, in which, ‘Tony’ makes sarcastic comments or degrades those around him, and while many of these moments do make for some decent comic relief, I could see many of these scenes becoming irritating for those who don’t enjoy this type of comedy.

In summary, despite its few flaws, ‘Iron Man’ was one hell of an opener for the Marvel Cinematic Universe, as without this film, we truly wouldn’t have what is now considered one of the most successful franchises in cinematic history, even with this ignored, however, the film is still exceedingly fun and is filled with plenty of memorable moments on its own, all of this, of course, held up by the brilliant performance from Robert Downey Jr. If you finally want to get around to watching this long-running film series, I’d say the original ‘Iron Man’ will definitely prepare you for what’s to come. Final Rating: 8/10.

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What Happened to Pixar Animation? – Film Discussion

Whatever happened to the beloved animation studio, Pixar Animation?

Pixar Animation used to create some phenomenal animated adventures that the entire family could enjoy, regardless of their age. Mixing brilliant storytelling with beautiful animation and incredibly memorable characters, each film never failed to stand out amongst the rest. Some of the films, like ‘Monsters, Inc.’ or ‘WALL-E,’ for example (two of my personal favourite Pixar films), really got creative with their own narratives and fleshed out their individual worlds. However, in recent years, I’ve noticed a severe downgrade in the quality of their films, as it seems ever since the release of ‘Toy Story 3’ back in 2010, Pixar has had a real reliance on sequels, prequels and spin-offs over original films. While still mostly enjoyable, I have noticed the storytelling, character arcs and world-building all seem to be lacking when compared to their earlier films.

In recent years, films such as ‘The Good Dinosaur,’ ‘Monsters University,’ ‘Brave,’ ‘Finding Dory,’ the ‘Cars’ sequels/spin-offs and, of course, the upcoming ‘Toy Story 4.’ Have all ranged from sub-par through to simply awful, the ‘Cars’ series, of course, being the best example of this as this series has always been Pixar’s black sheep. Never truly having the magic that makes Pixar special, always feeling like more of a cash-grab than anything else. ‘Cars 2’ being the most prominent example of this, as this film is one of Pixar’s only poorly reviewed films to date. The ‘Cars’ series has always felt very immature to me, although I didn’t hate the original film, it’s definitely no one’s favourite. In regard to Pixar’s other sequels; ‘Finding Dory’ and ‘Toy Story 4,’ ‘Finding Dory’ is nothing more than a reskinned ‘Finding Nemo,’ except for a few amusing characters; the film has nothing more really to offer. Despite having fantastic reviews from critics for some reason, the film was never anything other than a massive nostalgia slap for me. As, of now, ‘Toy Story 4’ hasn’t yet been released, but I feel when it does it’ll be another film with great reviews, but with nothing truly memorable about it, as I personally believe the ‘Toy Story’ trilogy concluded so satisfactorily, I don’t truly don’t understand why they feel the need to continue that story other than profit.

‘Monsters University’ is probably my favourite of Pixar’s recent continuations of their old stories, although I don’t think the film reaches the heights of ‘Monsters, Inc.’ due to less originality and a lack of adult themes. I do still think the film is very witty, and it does explore the monster world further. It’s one of the few films I can say where it feels there was true thought put into it, as it doesn’t just lean on the legacy of the previous film. Finally, we come to Pixar’s original films. This being ‘The Good Dinosaur’ and ‘Brave,’ now whilst I don’t think these films are awful per se. They simply just aren’t that memorable. ‘Brave’ has a few amusing moments and an interesting setting, but falls more into classic 2D animated stories at points. As for ‘The Good Dinosaur,’ it’s simply a ‘returning home’ story, with nothing of note at all other than the nice animation. It seems most people agree with me on this one, too, considering it’s very low box office return.

Now, of course, there are some recent exceptions, Pixar’s ‘Inside Out,’ ‘Coco’ and last year’s ‘Incredibles 2,’ which I did enjoy very much. These films proved to me that Pixar still has some great stories in them, although these films aren’t perfect and I wouldn’t rank them as high as the classic Pixar films personally, they definitely show potential. I would love to see more original animated films like this from Pixar. Considering how much money ‘Coco’ made when it was released, it’s clear they still make money just from the Pixar name alone. So, why do they feel the need to rely on sequels? Many people would point to Disney pulling their leg, and although I could believe that. I also think it’s due to Pixar simply becoming uninterested; they now think of themselves as the animation giants the audience believes they are. This means they no longer take risks and are comfortable simply gaining profit from their previous franchises.

This could also be due to a lack of original ideas; of course, Pixar simply feels more comfortable returning to their previous stories. But, considering some of their big competitors such as DreamWorks Animation, Blue Sky Animation, Warner Bros. Animation and Illumination Animation are all still pumping out original films (granted, not all quite to the usual Pixar standard). Films, such as ‘Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie,’ ‘Ferdinand,’ ‘The Lego Movie’ and ‘Despicable Me’ are all still very enjoyable to watch. Some of these films even made a pretty big box office return, with the ‘Despicable Me’ spin-off; ‘Minions,’ becoming one of the highest-grossing animated films ever, earning over £900 million. Even the company that teamed up with them (that being Disney) are beating them recently when it comes to original animated flicks, with Walt Disney Animation Studios’ ‘Zootopia,’ being one of my favourite films of 2016.

In summary, what happened to Pixar Animation is very clear to me. They simply got lazy, focusing far more on wanting to make a large profit rather than giving their audience new, exciting stories. The company isn’t completely dead; films like ‘Coco’ and ‘Inside Out’ clearly prove there is still talent there. But, with the older writers, directors and animators now backing down from the company so newer faces can arise. I’m concerned that Disney and Pixar executives may continue to push for more sequels, prequels and spin-offs with the knowledge that the films will always make money regardless of their quality. This is mostly why I fear for ‘Toy Story 4,’ as even though I really hope the film is great, I currently have a lot of doubts in my mind about it. Pixar, however, has also recently brought out a trailer for their next film following on from ‘Toy Story 4,’ titled; ‘Onward,’ which does appear to be a completely original story focusing on elements of fantasy and adventure. So, perhaps not all is lost for the iconic animation company just yet, but only time will tell, I suppose.

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Cloverfield (2008) – Film Review

Personally, I’m not an enormous fan of found-footage horror films (especially when it comes to many modern horrors). However, ‘Cloverfield’ is a rare exception to this, as when this film was first announced, it was surrounded in mystery, as the images and clips that were released revealed literally nothing about the film’s plot. Now, years after its release, we know it’s a large-scale classic monster throwback, all brought-together with a dark atmosphere, clearly inspired by classic monster flicks, such as the original ‘Godzilla,’ ‘King Kong’ and ‘Gorgo.’

Plot Summary: After the U.S. Defense Department discover a videotape in the former Central Park, the located footage reveals a group of friends celebrating a surprise farewell party in the apartment of ‘Rob Hawkins’ in Lower Manhattan, that is until the footage continues on, and soon begins to show an event far more disturbing…

The film opens with a U.S. Defense Department logo, shortly followed by footage of our main protagonist and his girlfriend in bed. This blending of old footage mixed in with the new footage of the attack is a great way of giving some development to the characters, alongside breaking up the large amounts of chaotic action the film sometimes falls into. The film’s reasoning for this is explained early on in it’s runtime, as the current tape we are watching is recording over another.

Aside from Lizzy Caplan and T.J. Miller, the rest of the cast are mostly unknown. I would say they all did a decent job, as the majority of their screen-time is consisted of running and panicking as they make their way through the streets of New York, however. I really enjoyed Lizzy Caplan’s performance, in particular, as her character ‘Marlena’ gets thrown into an intense and painful situation later in the story. This also results in one of the most disturbing/memorable scenes of the film. Unfortunately, the characters aren’t given a huge amount of development, aside from a few short scenes throughout the film.

Being a found-footage film as it is, the cinematography within the film is almost entirely hand-held. Usually utilising a large amount of camera movement to block the audience’s view of the creature in the early stages of the film. Which does really help build tension and excitement, as well as add to the overall mystery that initially surrounded the film. However, the constant and aggressive shaking of the camera can sometimes become a little overwhelming, even if it does result in some thrilling action scenes. The film obviously also doesn’t have an original score due to its found-footage style.

Another element of the film I quite is the design of the monster, as the design seen throughout the film is very original and really gives off a powerful and intimidating feel, which does enhance the film’s visuals. However, one element of the visuals I don’t enjoy is the film’s colour palette, as it can make the film feel a little too much like a typical action blockbuster or cliché horror at points.

The film does also have plenty of memorable moments throughout, as the film’s narrative goes on, New York City becomes more and more destroyed. This allows our group of characters to make their way through the monster’s path of destruction, avoiding dangerous areas and making fantastic use of the large sets and CG effects the film presents on-screen.

In summary, I quite enjoy ‘Cloverfield,’ although it’s now become part of a strange almost anthology-like film franchise with the likes of ’10 Cloverfield Lane’ and ‘The Cloverfield Paradox.’ The initial idea of a simple found-footage monster film always intrigued me, and I’m happy to say director Matt Reeves, producer J.J. Abrams and writer Drew Goddard all did a decent job here, as even though weak characterisation and overly shaky cinematography do let the film down somewhat, great tension building as well as the film’s superb level of realism and some brilliant creature designs, keep the film interesting enough to enjoy. Final Rating: 7/10.

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